“Toying with Disaster”. American Crisis and the Reality Television President

Carla Rocavert

Abstract


This article examines Donald Trump’s television, presidential, and post-presidential identities, drawing on key research in reality television studies and American politics. Specifically, it locates the early 2000s reality show The Apprentice as the key textual construct which precedes and informs the “crises” associated with Trump’s political career. I argue that the show exhibits a range of highly effective and original dramatic tropes and rhetorical devices which continue to shape Trump’s identity as a politician. He has gone on to creatively adapt shibboleths such as “you’re fired!” and other fect combative postures of the show in response to the calamities and major flashpoints of his presidential and post-presidential career. As Trump successfully transferred the hyperbole, motifs, and para-social relationships of the series The Apprentice to US national politics, he advanced a potent blend of performative power and popular culture cues never seen before in American history. I show how these theatrical cues and show constructs have helped him dominate a complex media landscape and exploit the fractures of a nation in crisis.


Schlagworte


crisis; Donald Trump; reality TV; neoliberalism; discourse

Volltext:

PDF (English)

Literaturhinweise


ABC15 Arizona. (2016, August 11). FULL SPEECH: Pastor Mark Burns goes on HILARIOUS rant at Donald Trump rally – Kissimmee, FL [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeJSAH2hq1k

al Gharbi, M. (2018). Race and the race for the White House: on social research in the age of Trump.The American Sociologist, 49(4), 496–519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12108-018-9373-5

Andrejevic, M. (2016). TheJouissanceof Trump. Television & New Media, 17(7), 651–655. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476416652694

AmericanShows (2013, October 22). Donald Trump on David Letterman 17 October, 2013 full interview [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PR_SoJpWzOA

Bacevich, A. J. (2022, November 17). America’s political crisis goes beyond Trump | The Nation. The Nation. https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/trump-democracy-england-monarchy/

Barbaro, M. (Host). (2024, January 2). Trump’s 2024 Playbook. Episode 1 (2024) [Audio podcast episode]. In The Daily. The New York Times. Retrieved January 2, 2024, from https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/podcasts/the-daily/trumps-2024-playbook.html?

Baudrillard, J. (2011). Telemorphosis: preceded by dust breeding (D. S. Burke, Trans). Univocal, University of Minnesota Press.

Ben-Ghiat, R. (2020, December 9). Op-Ed: Trump’s formula for building a lasting personality cult. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2020-12-09/donald-trumpstrongman-personality-cult

Bloomberg. (2018, October 28). Without Trump, Twitter could lose almost a fifth of value. Americas – Gulf News. https://gulfnews.com/world/americas/without-trump-twitter-couldlose-almost-a-fifth-of-value-1.2076281

Bradley, L. (2017, January 20). Donald Trump’s all-consuming obsession with TV Ratings: a history. Vanity Fair. https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/01/donald-trump-ratings

Breslow, J. M. (2016, September 29). The FRONTLINE interview: Omarosa Manigault. FRONTLINE. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/the-frontline-interview-omarosa-manigault/

Bryant, K. (2016, December 14). FaCT-checking Donald Trump and Kanye West’s “long” friendship. Vanity Fair. https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2016/12/donald-trump-kanye-westfriendship-recap

Burnett, M. (Creator). (2004, January 4). Meet the billionaire. (Season 1, Episode 1) [TV series episode]. In M. Burnett, & D. Trump (Executive Producers), The Apprentice. Mark Burnett Productions; Trump Productions LLC.

Burnett, M. (Creator). (2005, November 11). Runaway pride. (Season 2, Episode 10) [TV series episode]. In M. Burnett, & D. Trump (Executive Producers), The Apprentice. Mark Burnett Productions; Trump Productions LLC.

Burnett, M. (Creator). (2013, May 9). One of us will win but not by much. (Season 13, Episode 12) [TV series episode]. In M. Burnett, & D. Trump (Executive Producers), Celebrity Apprentice. Mark Burnett Productions; Trump Productions LLC.

Chotiner, I. (2016, February 10). Is Donald Trump a fascist? A historian of fascism weighs in. Slate Magazine. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/interrogation/2016/02/is_donald_trump_a_fascist_an_expert_on_fascism_weighs_in.html

Cole, B. (2019, March 29). Donald Trump says he is “smarter” than liberal elites. Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/donald-trump-liberal-elites-smarter-schools-beautiful-house-1379578

Collinson, S. (2023, July 27). How a new twist in the Hunter Biden case and Trump’s possible third indictment are defining the 2024 campaign. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/27/politics/hunter-biden-donald-trump-2024-campaign/index.html

Couldry, N., & Littler, J. (2011). Work, power and performance: analyzing the ‘reality’ game of The Apprentice. Cultural Sociology, 5(2), 263–279. https://doi.org/10.1177/1749975510378191

Dickerson, C., Corasaniti, N., & Sandoval, E. (2019, July 15). ICE launches raids targeting migrant families. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/14/us/ice-immigrationraids.html

Diehm, J., Petulla, S. & Wolf, Z. B. (2019, October 21). Who has left Trump’s Administration orbit? CNN. edition.cnn.com/interactive/2017/08/politics/trump-admin-departures-trnd/

Dopp, T. (2018, August 14). Trump calls Omarosa a ‘dog’ and a ‘crazed, crying lowlife.’ Bloomberg.com. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-08-14/trump-adds-dog-to-litany-of-omarosa

-insults-amid-taping-feud

DonaldTrump [@real.DonaldTrump]. (2020a, April 30). Dirty cop James Comey got caught! [Tweet]. Twitter. twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/1255832117583495169

Edwards, L. H. (2013). The triumph of reality TV: the revolution in American television. Praeger.

Fisher, M. (2023, June 4). Donald Trump, remade by reality TV. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/classic-apps/donald-trump-remade-by-reality-tv/2016/01/27/4886505ebf0e-11e5bcda-62a36b394160_story.html?utm_term=.b6fa2e6ea3a7

Flynn, M. (2019, July 18). ‘Malignant, dangerous, violent’: Trump rally’s ‘Send her back!’ chant raises new concerns of intolerance. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/07/18/malignant-dangerous-violent-trump-rallys-send-her-back-chant-raisesnew-concerns-intolerance/

Fox, E. J. (2016, October 3). Donald Trump’s apprentice set was reportedly a breeding ground for sex. Vanity Fair. https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2016/10/donald-trump-apprentice-sexism

Fox Business. (2019, October 23). Trump: New York should frack, “they’re sitting on a gold mine of energy [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFoOGsfBgCs

Gabriel, S., Paravati, E., Green, M. C., & Flomsbee, J. (2018). From Apprentice to President. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9(3), 299–307. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550617722835

Guo, J. (2016, February 9). Donald Trump’s accent, explained. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/09/whats-up-with-donald-trumps-voice/

Hanbury, M. (2019, July 21). In a recently resurfaced recording, Trump proposed a White-versus-Black-contestant season of ‘The Apprentice’”. Business Insider. http://www.businessinsider.fr/us/donald-trump-proposed-white-vs-black-contestants-for-the-apprentice-2019-7

Hanke, B. (2019). Trump’s new face of power in America. SocArXiv, 1–33. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bkrgd

Harsin, J. H. (2019). Post-truth and critical communication. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Communication and Critical Cultural Studies, edited by Dana L. Cloud. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780190459611.001.0001/acref-9780190459611-e-757

Harsin, J. H. (2021). Aggro-truth: (Dis-)trust, toxic masculinity, and the cultural logic of post-truth politics, The Communication Review, 24(2), 133–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2021.1947740

Hearn, A. (2016). Trump’s ‘reality’ hustle. Television & New Media, 17(7), 656–659.

Horton, D., & Wohl, R. (1956). Mass communication and para-social interaction. Psychiatry MMC, 19(3), 215–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049

Howe, C. (2023, July 1). There will be no deletion of General Pickens!’ Trump invents and then defies imaginary media effort to change rally town’s name”. MSN, https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/there-will-be-no-deletion-of-general-pickenstrump-invents-and-then-defies-imaginary-media-effort-to-change-rally-town-s-name/ar-AA1diVkt

Kalb, M. (2022, July 13). Trump creates a dilemma for journalists”. Brookings, 13. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/trump-creates-a-dilemma-for-journalists/

Keefe, P. R. (2019, January 7). How Mark Burnett resurrected Donald Trump as an icon of American success”. The New Yorker. www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/01/07/how-mark-burnettresurrected-donald-trump-as-an-icon-of-american-success

King, B. (2018). Trump, celebrity and the merchant imaginary. Palgrave Communications, 4(130), 1–9.

Korte. G., & Gomez. A. (2018, May 17). Trump ramps up rhetoric on undocumented immigrants: “These aren’t people. These are animals”. USA TODAY. https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/05/16/trump-immigrants-animals-mexico-democrats-sanctuarycities/617252002/

Laderman, C. (2017, February 10). Donald Trump’s 1950s self-help foreign policy. Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/02/10/donald-trumps-1950s-self-help-foreign-policy/

Miles, D. A. (2012). You’re fired: an empirical study of the management and termination decisions in Donald Trump’s “The Apprentice”. Journal of Management Research. https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v4i4.2259

Monroe, T., Savillo R., & Power, L. (2020, November 18). Fox News has cast doubt on or pushed conspiracy theories about the election results nearly 600 times. Media Matters for America. https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/fox-news-has-cast-doubt-or-pushed-conspiracytheories-about-election-results-nearly-600

Morales, E. A., Schultz, C. J. P., & Landreville, K. D. (2021). The Impact of 280 characters: An analysis of Trump’s tweets and television news through the lens of agenda building. Electronic News, 15(1-2), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431211028610

NBC News. (2016a, July 6). 1980s: How Donald Trump created Donald Trump | NBC News [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FLo14GMYos

NBC News. (2016b, July 6). 1990s: After Bankruptcies, Donald Trump Goes From Building To Branding | NBC News [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DI9ZLawGE4g

NBC News. (2016c, July 6). 2000s: “Apprentice” helps Donald Trump finally launch a White House bid NBC News [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSVPDrR8GyQ

Nugent, C. (2019, July 9). Trump calls U.K. Ambassador “very stupid guy” after leaked criticism of his administration. Time. https://time.com/5622585/trump-british-ambassador-kim-darroch/

Ouellette, L. (2016). The Trump Show. Television & New Media, 17(7), 647–650. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476416652695

Ouellette, L. (2019). Fake President: Telemorphosis and the performance of grotesque power. In Springer eBooks (pp. 15–37). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25670-8_2

Parker, A., Corasaniti, N., & Berenstein, E. (2016, August 3). Voices from Donald Trump’s rallies, uncensored. The New York Times. Retrieved May 20, 2024, from https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/04/us/politics/donald-trump-supporters.html

Pescovitz, D. (2018, April 16). Fantastic interview with the original Lost in Space’s Dr. Zachary Smith, Jonathan Harris. BoingBoing. https://boingboing.net/2018/04/16/fantastic-interviewwith-the-o.html

Range, P. R. (2021, October 6). The theory of political leadership that Donald Trump shares with Adolf Hitler. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2016/07/25/the-theory-of-political-leadership-that-donald-trump-shares-with-adolf-hitler/?utm_term=.

ecd71237b6c1

real_defender. (2020, April 30, 2:12.am.). “ARREST AND PROSECUTE DIRTY JAMES COMEY FOR TREASON”. Twitter. twitter.com/real_defender/status/1255832302220959749

Rogers, K., & Fandos, N. (2019, July 14). Trump tells congresswomen to ‘go back’ to the countries they came from”. The New York Times. www.nytimes.com/2019/07/14/us/politics/trumptwitter-squad-congress.html

Roth, A., Moriarty, E., & Foreman, T. (2017, May 5). How “The Apprentice” manufactured Trump – The Atlantic. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/video/index/520821/how-the-apprentice-manufactured-trump/

Serwer, A. (2019, November 25). The cruelty is the point. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2018/10/the-cruelty-is-the-point/572104/

Sgroi, R. (2007). Authentic reality TV selves: the case for melodrama”. In A. Barker (Ed.), Television, Aesthetics and Reality (pp. 235–237). Cambridge Scholars Press.

Smith, D. N. (2019). Authoritarianism reimagined: the riddle of Trump’s base”. Sociological Quarterly, 60(2), 1–14. https://doi.org.10.1080/00380253.2019.1593061

Solana, J. (2020, December 3). Putting the 21st century back on track. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/putting-the-21st-century-back-on-track/

Sontag, S. (1975, February 6). Fascinating fascism. The New York Review of Books. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1975/02/06/fascinating-fascism/

Telford, L., & Briggs, D. (2022). Targets and overwork: Neoliberalism and the maximisation of profitability from the workplace. Capital & Class, 46(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/03098168211022208

Time Staff. (2015, June 16). Here’s Donald Trump’s presidential announcement speech”. TIME. Retrieved May 20, 2024, from time.com/3923128/donald-trump-announcement-speech/

Trump, D. J. [@real.DonaldTrump]. (2020b, May 6). I was thrilled to be back in the Great State of Arizona with the incredible, patriotic, and hardworking men and women of @Honeywell! [Tweet]. Twitter. twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1257793742540386304

Venizelos, G. (2023). Donald Trump in power: discourse, performativity, identification. Critical Sociology, 49(4-5), 647–667. https://doi.org/10.1177/08969205221118223

Winberg, O. (2017). Insult politics: Donald Trump, right-wing populism, and incendiary language”. European Journal of American Studies, 12(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.4000/ ejas.12132

Womick, J., Rothmund T., Azevedo, F., King, L. A., & Jost, J. T. (2018). Group-based dominance and authoritarian aggression predict support for Donald Trump in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10(5), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/194855061877829




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lsmll.2024.48.2.109-121
Date of publication: 2024-07-10 11:05:46
Date of submission: 2023-09-13 11:34:14


Statistiken


Sichtbarkeit von Abstracts - 443
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF (English) - 136

Indikatoren



Refbacks

  • Im Moment gibt es keine Refbacks


Copyright (c) 2024 Carla Maree Rocavert

Creative-Commons-Lizenz
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International.