Email this article 
Hide
Show all
Cultural determinants of the masculine gender role transformation. Women’s and men’s assessment of the traditional and non-traditional masculinity model in perceived reflected-appraisals perspective
Abstract
Critical gender studies indicate the dysfunctionality of the traditional masculinity model, both in the emotional and health spheres. However, the implementation of the non-traditional model by men enables a deeper involvement in fatherhood, emotional development and partnership (instead of domination). Numerous studies indicate that men take on non-traditional gender roles because of the assessment of others, not just their own beliefs. The aim of the present study among young Polish men (N = 351) was to verify their evaluation of the traditional and non-traditional masculinity model. The assessment is expressed here through individual declarations, as well as an idea of the assessment given to a presented model by women and other men. The results indicate higher preferences of the non-traditional male model than the traditional one. Participants estimate that the non-traditional model is rated higher by women and traditional by other men. Awareness of women’s assessment (perceived reflected-appraisals) is a factor encouraging the imitation of a given masculinity model.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Język Polski)References
Abele, A.E., Wojciszke, B. (2007). Agency and communion from the perspective of self and others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5, 751–763.
Ajzen, I., Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
Courtenay, W.H. (2000). Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men’s well-being: a theory of gender and health. Social Science & Medicine, 50, 1385–1401.
Cross, S.E., Madson, L. (1997). Models of the self: self-construals and gender. Psychological Bulletin, 122, 5–37.
Darley, J.M., Fazio, R. (1980). Expectancy confirmation processes arising in the social interaction sequence. American Psychologist, 10, 867–881.
Deaux, K., Major, B. (1987). Putting gender into context: An interactive model of gender-related behavior. Psychological Review, 94, 369–389.
Gardiner, J.K. (2004). Men, masculinities and feminist theory. W: M.S. Kimmel, J. Hearn, R.W. Connell (red.). Handbook of studies on men and masculinities (s. 35–50). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Kwiatkowska, A., Nowakowska, A. (2006). Mężczyzna polski – psychospołeczne czynniki warunkujące pełnienie ról zawodowych i rodzinnych. Białystok: Wyd. Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej.
Lippa, R. (2008). The relation between childhood gender nonconformity and adult masculinity-femininity and anxiety in heterosexual and homosexual men and women. Sex Roles, 59, 684–693.
Maurer, T.W., Pleck, J.H. (2006). Fathes’ caregiving and breadwinning: a gender congruence analysis. Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 7, 101–112.
Maurer., T.W. (2007). Gender congruence and social mediation as influence on fathers’ caregiving. Fathering, 3, 220–235.
McCreary, D.R. (1994). The male role and avoiding femininity. Sex Roles, 31, 517–531.
Morier, D., Seroy, C. (1994). The effect of interpersonal expectancies on men’s selfpresentation of gender-role attitudes to women. Sex Roles, 31, 493–504.
Nowakowska, A. (2008). Aktywność zawodowa kobiet a przekonania mężczyzn dotyczące ról kobiecych i męskich w rodzinie. W: C. Sadowska-Snarska, T. Li (red.). Godzenie pracy z rodziną w kontekście aktywizacji zawodowej kobiet (s. 153–168).
Białystok: Wyd. Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Białymstoku.
Pankowska, D. (2005). Wychowanie a role płciowe. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wyd. Psychologiczne.
Pleck, J. (1981). The myth of masculinity. Cambridge, MA.: MIT Press.
Rudman, L.A., Fairchild, K. (2004). Reactions to counter stereotypic behavior: The role of backlash in cultural stereotype maintenance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 157–176.
Rudman, L. A., Glick, P. (2001). Prescriptive gender stereotypes and backlash against agentic women. Journal of Social Issues, 57 (4), 743–762.
Twenge, J.M. (1999). Mapping gender. The multifactorial approach and the organization of gender-related attributes. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 23, 485–502.
Wojciszke, B. (1994). Multiple meanings of behavior: Construing actions in terms of competence and morality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 222–232.
Wojciszke, B. (2005). Affective concomitants of information on morality and competence. European Psychologist, 1, 60–70.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lrp.2020.39.3.75-87
Date of publication: 2020-10-13 08:35:12
Date of submission: 2019-11-14 21:48:08
Statistics
Indicators
Copyright (c) 2020 Agnieszka Nowakowska-Kaliszuk
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.